Sources of Indian Constitution


S.No.  Countries Borrowed Features of Indian Constitution
1. Australia Concurrent list
Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse
Joint-sitting of two houses of Parliament
2. Canada Federation with a strong centre
Appointment of state governors by the centre
Vesting of residuary powers in the centre
Advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
3. Ireland Directive Principles of State Policy
Nomination of members of Rajya Sabha
Method of election of President
4. Russia Fundamental Duties
Five Year Plan
Ideals of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble
5. Japan Procedure established by law
6. UK Parliamentary government
Rule of Law
Single Citizenship
Cabinet system
Prerogative writs
Parliamentary privileges
Bicameralism 
7. US Fundamental Rights
Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
Independence of Judiciary
Judicial Review
Impeachment of President
Removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges
Post of Vice-President
8. Germany (Weimar) Suspension of Fundamental Rights during emergency

9. South Africa Procedure for amendment in the Indian Constitution
Election of members of Rajya Sabha
10. France Republic
Ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity in the Preamble
11. Govt of India Act, 1935 Federal Scheme
Office of Governor
Judiciary
PSC
Emergency Provisions and administrative details

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